Functional Anatomy And Biomechanics

By Carolyn Kisner PT, MS and Lynn Allen Colby PT, MS on November 14th 2008

The anatomy of the shoulder joint complex allows for tremendous range of motion. This wide range of motion of the shoulder complex proximally permits precise positioning of the hand distally, creating both gross and skilled movements. However, the high degree of mobility requires some compromise in stability, which in turn increases the vulnerability of the shoulder joint to injury, particularly in dynamic overhead activities.

The shoulder girdle complex is composed of three bones: the scapula, clavicle, and humerus. These bones are connected to one another or to the axial skeleton or trunk via the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints. Dynamic movement as well as stabilization of the shoulder complex requires integrated function of all four articulations if normal motion is to occur.

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Filed Under: Therapeutic Exercise
Tags: acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, scapulothoracic, shoulder girdle, sternoclavicular

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