Disk lesions in the cervical spine are less common than in the lumbar spine. Often disk extrusions are an indication for surgery because of potential compromise of the spinal canal and pressure on the spinal cord. Patients may present with peripheral neuropathy and forward-head posture without a diagnosis of disk pathology. Symptoms increase with activities […]

When the signs and symptoms of the inflammatory process are under control and pain is no longer constant, the patient is progressed through a program of safe muscle endurance and strengthening exercises to prepare the tissue for functional activities and rehabilitation training. Functional activities that can be performed safely are resumed. Pain may still interfere […]

Use of modalities and massage to decrease pain and swelling from acute symptoms is appropriate during the acute stage. It is also important that the patient becomes an active participant in his or her program. Kinesthetic training of neutral or functional spinal posture, nondestructive movements in the pain-free range, awareness and activation of core musculature, […]