• Supine:
Hook-lying flexes the lumbar spine; legs extended extends the spine. A pillow under the head flexes the neck; a small roll under the neck stabilizes a mild lordosis with the head neutral.
• Prone:
Use of a pillow under the abdomen flexes the lumbar spine; no pillow extends the spine. To maintain the cervical spine in […]

Pelvic Motions and Muscle Function
The pelvis is the connecting link between the spine and lower extremities. Movement of the pelvis causes motion at the hip joints and lumbar spine articulations. The hip musculature causes pelvic motion through reverse action. Hip flexors cause an anterior pelvic tilt; hip extensors, a posterior pelvic tilt; and abductors and […]

The thoracolumbar fascia is an extensive fascial system in the back that consists of several layers. It surrounds the erector spinae, multifidi, and quadratus lumborum, thus providing support to these muscles when they contract. Increased bulk in these muscles increases tension in the fascia, perhaps contributing the stabilizing function of these muscles.
The aponeurosis of the […]